Paramilitary Forces of India

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Brief of Paramilitary Forces of India

The paramilitary forces of India are the forces that are under the Central government and are also known as the central Police force. The paramilitary forces of India include ITBP, CRPF, SSB, CISF, BSF, and NSG. These Paramilitary forces of India are under the control of the Ministry of Home Affairs. The detail about all the paramilitary forces of India is given below:

Indo Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)

Motto = Shaurya – Dridhata – Karm Nishtha

• In 1962 because of Chinese aggression, the ITBP was raised with the initial strength of 4 Battalions as a ‘guerilla-cum-intelligence-cum-fighting Force’.
• Today, ITBPF guards 3,488 km of Indo-China Border ITBPF Bns are deployed in Maoist affected areas of Chhattisgarh.
• The Force operates through 14 training centers, 04 specialized battalions, 02 DM battalions, 56 service battalions, 14 sector headquarters, 05 frontier headquarters, and with a total sanctioned strength of 89,432.

Border Security Force (BSF)

Motto = Duty unto Death

• Till the Indo-Pak war in September 1965 India’s west and east side international borders with Pakistan are under the supervision of the State Police.
• In the year 1965, the BSF was raised with the strength of 3 Coys and 25 Battalions.
• BSF now has 186 Battalions.
• Headquarter is in New Delhi.
• It has a water wing, air wing.
• BSF commando -Creek Crocodile Commando.

BSF’s role during peacetime is as:

• In the border areas the sense of security among the people is to be promoted by the BSF;
• BSF prevents unauthorized exit or entry in India and stops cross-border crimes.
• The illegal activities and smuggling are to be prevented on the border;
• Anti-infiltration duties; and
• To collect trans-border intelligence.

Its role during wartime is as:

• Holding ground is assigned sectors;
• Limited aggressive action against irregular forces of the enemy or central armed police;
• Territories that are under army control their law and order are maintained by the BSF.
• Guarding of prisoners of war camps;
• In border areas BSF act as a guide to the Armed Forces;
• Assistance in control of refugees;
• Provision of sectors; and
• Conducting raids and special tasks intelligence gathering.

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Assam Rifles: Sentinels of the North East

• It was raised in 1835 by Cachar Levy.
• It is the oldest Central Para Military Force in India.
• They are raised to guard against the unruly tribes in the alluvial plains of Assam which are inhabiting in the hill tracts.
• Locally they are called “Friends of the Hill People” or “The Sentinel of the North- East”.
• They are headquartered in Shillong.
• To guard the 1,631 km of Indo-Myanmar border they are deployed in the North-East.
• It is under the control of MHA that is Ministry of Home Affairs.

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National Security Guard (NSG)

Motto = Sarvatra Sarvottam Suraksha

• In the year 1985 in October, the NSG was raised as a Federal Contingency Force under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
• After Operation Blue Star in 1984, the requirement for a special force was needed to execute the surgical operations.
• NSG was created on the lines of Shar-et-matkal in Israel, GIGN in France, GSG-9 of Germany, Delta Force of USA, and SAS of UK.
• Most of the NSG commandos are drawn for the army that is 53 percent of the total and the other 47 percent are taken from the Central Police.
• Also known as black cat commando.

Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF)

Motto = Seva or Nishtha

• At Neemuch in July 1939, Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) was formed as the Crown Representative’s Police.
• After independence, it was renamed the Central Reserve Police Force.
• They are also deployed internationally in Sri Lanka, Haiti, and Kosovo.
• First time in UN history, as a part of the UN peacekeeping Mission, a fully women unit was deployed in Liberia
• For Disaster Management, two CRPF battalions are designated at Pune and Ahmedabad.
• COBRA (a backronym for COmmando Battalion for Resolute Action) is a specialized unit of CRPF.
• The Rapid Action Force (RAF) is a specialized wing of the Indian CRPF formed in 2003 to deal with riot and crowd control situations.
• CRPF first CAPF to have 2 presidential colors.

Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)

Motto = Protection and Security

• Raised in 1969, CISF is providing security cover to 303 units including 59 domestic and international airports, and fire protection covers to 87 industrial undertakings.
• In the terrorist and Naxal Affected areas, CISF provides security services to important infrastructures of India.
• Under MHA.
• it is not a burden on the national exchequer that is CISF is a cost-reimbursement force.
• CISF commando- Ninja Commando.

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Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)

Motto = Service, Security, and Brotherhood

• SSB is the newest border guarding force of the Union of India entrusted with the guarding of Indo-Nepal and Indo-Bhutan borders.
• SSB has the responsibility of guarding the Indo-Nepal border and Indo-Bhutan border.
• In the wake of the Indo-China conflict, Sashastra Seema Bal came under the name of Special Service Bureau.
• Earlier the aim of SSB was to boost morale and build the spirit of resistance in the people of the Jammu and Kashmir (Ladakh), Himachal Pradesh, hills of Uttar Pradesh, North Bengal, North Assam, NEFA.
• Between the years 1965 to 1991, the areas of operation extended to Nagaland, South Bengal, Mizoram, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Jammu, Tripura, Manipur.

The SSB Key Responsibilities 

• To inculcate a sense of security and spirit of resistance in border population;
• Promoting national awareness and security consciousness; and
• Organizing and preparing border population to resist the enemy.

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